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About External Reference
Most Innovative Experiential Architecture & Design Studio 2026
External Reference is a multidisciplinary studio led by architect Dr. Carmelo Zappulla, transforming spaces into emotional experiences through architecture and design. Founded in Barcelona in 2007, with a second base in Dubai, the studio works internationally across urban interventions, architecture, retail, hospitality, exhibition design, and product design, driven by innovation and technological research.
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